Medical: Acute Bronchitis, cystic fibrossis , alpha -1 antitrypsin deficieny,Sleep Apnea

Discuss the differential diagnosis What are the key manifestations of acute bronchitis? In general, how long does coughing last with acute bronchitis? Discuss bronchial mucociliary function Discuss the anatomy and microanatomy of the lung Discuss the vasculature of the lung What are the causes? Discuss the work-up and diagnosis of bronchitis Discuss chemotactic and pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in bronchitis What physical examination findings distinguish pneumonia from acute bronchitis? What are the key points that distinguish asthma and bronchiolitis from acute bronchitis? Why are antibacterial agents not indicated in the treatment of acute bronchitis? What is the recommended treatment? What is the long-term prognosis? cystic fibrosis Describe the essential clinical features of cystic fibrosis Describe the product of the cystic fibrosis gene, located on chromosome 7, which encodes the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Note that besides acting as an epithelial chloride channel, CFTR regulates multiple ion channels and cellular processes, primarily through interactions involving its nucleotide binding domains. Discuss these regulatory functions Describe tissue-specific manifestations of mutations of CFTR Describe regulation of bicarbonate ion transport by CFTR and regulation of airway surface liquid and how the defect in cystic fibrosis leads to thickened mucus and delayed mucociliary clearance, culminating in recurrent pulmonary infections Describe the different classes of CFTR mutations with special emphasis on class II F508, which accounts for 70% of cystic fibrosis patients alpha- 1 antitrypsin deficiency Discuss the cardinal features of AADT Why is the diagnosis of AADT often delayed and/or missed? Discuss the significance of distant heart sounds Discuss the physical findings of a patient with hyperinflated lungs On physical examination, was is the significance of the tripod position? Discuss pulsus paradoxus What is the differential diagnosis? Discuss the genetic predisposition to AADT Discuss serine protease inhibitors What are the complications of AADT? Discuss the treatment options Discuss the prognosis Sleep Apnea Discuss obstructive versus central apnea What are the causes of central apnea? List criteria for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Describe the epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea Describe the consequences of increased sympathetic stimulation Describe the clinical manifestations of obstructive sleep apnea Describe differential diagnosis of sleep-related breathing disorders Describe polysomnography Describe CPAP and other mechanical therapies Discuss prognosis

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