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Discussion paper Combined horizontal and vertical integration of care: a goal of practice-based commissioning Paul Thomas FRCGP MD Clinical Director, Ealing Primary Care Trust and Professor, Thames Valley University, London, UK

Discussion paper Combined horizontal and vertical integration of care: a goal of practice-based commissioning Paul Thomas FRCGP MD Clinical Director, Ealing Primary Care Trust and Professor, Thames Valley University, London, UK

Discussion paper

Combined horizontal and vertical integration of care: a goal of practice-based commissioning Paul Thomas FRCGP MD Clinical Director, Ealing Primary Care Trust and Professor, Thames Valley University, London, UK

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Geoffrey Meads PhD MSc MA(Oxon) Visiting Professor, Southampton and Winchester Universities and Professor of Organisational Research, Institute of Health Sciences Research, Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK

Ahmet Moustafa MA MSc RN Principal Lecturer (Emeritus), Centre for the Study of Policy and Practice in Health and Social Care, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, Thames Valley University, London, UK

Irwin Nazareth FRCGP PhD Professor of Primary Care and Population Sciences and Director MRC General Practice Research Framework, University College London Medical School, London, UK

Kurt C Stange MD PhD Editor, Annals of Family Medicine and Professor of Family Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sociology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

Gertrude Donnelly Hess MD Professor of Oncology Research and Professor of Family Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sociology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

ABSTRACT

Practice-based commissioning (PBC) in the UK is

intended to improve both the vertical and hori- zontal integration of health care, in order to avoid

escalating costs and enhance population health.

Vertical integration involves patient pathways to

treat named medical conditions that transcend

organisational boundaries and connect community-

based generalists with largely hospital-sited special-

ists, whereas horizontal integration involves peer-

based and cross-sectoral collaboration to improve overall health.

Effective mechanisms are now needed to permit

ongoing dialogue between the vertical and horizon-

tal dimensions to ensure that medical and non-

medical care are both used to their best advantage.

This paper proposes three different models for

combining vertical and horizontal integration – each is a hybrid of internationally recognised ideal

types of primary care organisation. Leaders of PBC

should consider a range of models and apply them

in ways that are relevant to the local context.

General practitioners, policy makers and others

whose job it is to facilitate horizontal and vertical

integration must learn to lead such combined ap-

proaches to integration if the UK is to avoid the mistakes of the USA in over-medicalising health issues.

Keywords: integrated healthcare systems, practice- based commissioning, organisation, organisational

objectives, primary health care

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