Which of the following substances is most likely to be reabsorbed in the tubular segments of the nephron using passive transport mechanisms?Water Sodium Phosphate Calcium.

Which of the following substances is most likely to be reabsorbed in the tubular segments of the nephron using passive transport mechanisms?Water Sodium Phosphate Calcium.

1. A 25-year-old Asian American man arrives at the emergency department in a panic. Except for a bout with bronchitis a week earlier, he has been healthy his entire life; today he has blood in his urine. What is the most likely cause of his hematuria and how should it be treated? (Points : 0.4) His Goodpasture syndrome should be treated with plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive therapy.

His membranous glomerulonephritis should be treated with corticosteroids.

His immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy has no known effective treatments.

His Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome should be treated with control of high blood pressure and smoking cessation.

Question 2. 2. Which of the following patients would be considered to have a significant risk of developing the prerenal form of acute renal failure?
(Points : 0.4)

A 22-year-old male who has lost a large amount of blood following a workplace injury

A 41-year-old female who is admitted for intravenous antibiotic treatment of pyelonephritis

A 79-year-old male with diagnoses of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure

A 20-year-old male who is admitted for treatment of an overdose of a nephrotoxic drug

A 68-year-old male with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

An 80-year-old female who has been admitted for treatment of dehydration, hyponatremia, and malnutrition

Question 3. 3. An 81-year-old female has long-standing hypocalcemia secondary to kidney disease and will shortly be moving into an assisted living facility from her own apartment. Which of the following findings should staff at the facility be instructed to observe for? (Points : 0.4)
Loss of appetite and complaints of nausea

Muscular spasms and complaints of cramps

High fluid intake and urine output

Lethargy and stupor

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